Oesophageal involvement in mantle cell lymphoma

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) commonly affects the gastrointestinal tract, but oesophageal involvement is rare.
• Multiple lymphomatous polyposis (MLP) is an intestinal manifestation of MCL, typically seen in elderly patients.
• Tumor cells in MCL usually express CD5 and cyclin D1 markers.

Observation:

• The patient presented with generalized lymphadenopathy, dysphagia, and significant weight loss.
• Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy identified submucosal polypoid lesions in the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
• Histopathology and immunophenotyping confirmed mantle cell lymphoma.

Findings:

• The patient had secondary involvement from systemic MCL, leading to multiple intestinal polyposis.
• This included oesophageal polyposis, an uncommon presentation of MCL.
• The findings expand the understanding of MLP in the context of systemic MCL.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering secondary MCL involvement in the upper gastrointestinal tract, including the oesophagus.
• It highlights the diagnostic challenges and rare presentations of mantle cell lymphoma.
• Further research into the mechanisms and management of oesophageal MLP in systemic MCL is warranted.