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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration
08:17

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration

Published on: February 27, 2018

Intraoperative warming and post-operative cognitive dysfunction after total knee replacement.

F Salazar1, M Doñate, T Boget

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain. 12053fsg@comb.cat

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
|January 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

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Perioperative warming increased the risk of post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing knee replacement surgery, though this effect was not seen long-term.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) affects up to 30% of patients after orthopedic surgery.
  • Perioperative temperature management is a potential factor influencing POCD development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of perioperative warming on POCD in elderly patients undergoing total knee replacement.

Main Methods:

  • 150 patients over 65 undergoing knee replacement were randomized to standard care or active warming.
  • Neurocognitive assessments were performed pre-operatively, on day 4, and at 3 months post-surgery.
  • POCD was defined by a significant decrease in cognitive test scores compared to controls.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration
08:17

A Mouse Model of Orthopedic Surgery to Study Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Tissue Regeneration

Published on: February 27, 2018

  • 88% of standard-care patients experienced hypothermia (<35 °C), while 25.3% of warmed patients maintained ≥36 °C.
  • On day 4, POCD incidence was significantly higher in the warmed group (19.4%) versus standard care (3.2%).
  • No significant differences in POCD were observed between groups at 3 months.

Conclusions:

  • Perioperative active warming was associated with a transiently higher incidence of POCD at 4 days post-total knee replacement.
  • The study suggests that active warming may temporarily exacerbate cognitive dysfunction in this patient population.