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Related Experiment Videos

Visual function in patients undergoing long-term total parenteral nutrition.

N E Vinton1, J R Heckenlively, S A Laidlaw

  • 1Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) can affect eye function, causing retinal abnormalities and visual impairments in children and adults. Nutrient imbalances were observed, though only zinc and vitamin E correlated with visual function.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a critical intervention for patients unable to absorb nutrients enterally.
  • Potential ocular side effects of TPN are not fully understood, necessitating investigation into its long-term impact on visual health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the long-term effects of TPN on ocular function in both pediatric and adult populations.
  • To identify potential correlations between specific nutrient levels and observed visual function abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Ophthalmoscopic examinations and visual-function testing were performed on 27 adults and 12 children receiving TPN.
  • Blood nutrient levels (including vitamins A, E, zinc, selenium, fatty acids, and taurine) were analyzed.

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  • Electroretinograms (ERGs) were used to evaluate retinal function.

    • Main Results:

    • Funduscopic examination revealed retinal pigmented epithelium granularity in some patients.
    • Abnormalities in electroretinograms were detected in approximately half of the children and one-third of the adults.
    • Low concentrations of selenium, linoleic/linolenic acids, and taurine were noted, while Vitamin A was elevated in some adults.
    • Only zinc and vitamin E levels showed a significant correlation with visual function indices.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-term TPN is associated with ocular abnormalities, including retinal changes and electroretinogram impairments.
    • While various nutrient imbalances occur during TPN, zinc and vitamin E appear to be key factors influencing visual function.
    • Further research is warranted to optimize TPN protocols for preserving ocular health.