Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 5, 2026
09:34
Implementation of Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) for the Real-driving Emissions (RDE) Regulation in Europe
Published on: December 4, 2016
Regulations and the European scene
1Brian Ager is at the Healthy and Safety Executive Baynards House, I Chepstow Place, London W2 4TF, UK.
Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|January 14, 2011
Summary
Harmonizing regulations for planned releases of genetically modified organisms is crucial due to environmental and trade interdependencies, especially in Europe. Further development of a Europe-wide regulatory framework is needed despite progress made by the OECD.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Biotechnology Regulation
- International Trade Law
Background:
- Environmental and trade issues transcend national borders, necessitating coordinated regulatory approaches.
- The European Community faces challenges due to differing national regulations on the planned release of organisms containing recombinant DNA.
- Geographic and economic interdependence within Europe highlights the need for harmonized policies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address the need for harmonized regulations concerning the planned release of organisms with recombinant DNA.
- To examine the current regulatory landscape within the European Community regarding genetic modification releases.
- To identify the scope for a unified, Community-wide regulatory framework.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of existing national regulations within European Community member states.
- Review of international reports and recommendations, such as the OECD report on recombinant DNA.
- Comparative assessment of regulatory approaches to planned releases of genetically modified organisms.
Main Results:
- Significant differences exist in how European nations regulate planned releases of recombinant DNA organisms.
- The OECD report represents a step towards harmonization but does not provide a complete solution.
- There remains a clear need and opportunity for a cohesive European Community-wide regulatory framework.
Conclusions:
- Harmonization of regulations for planned releases of recombinant DNA is essential for environmental protection and trade.
- Existing national approaches within the European Community are fragmented.
- A comprehensive, Community-wide framework is required to effectively manage the risks and benefits of genetically modified organisms.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Global Regulatory Systems
Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
01:03Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with a...
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
01:25Drug Regulation
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
01:29Translational Regulation
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...