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[Normal and tumorous human gonadotropic cells].

J Trouillas1, C Girod, B Loras

  • 1Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Faculté de Médecine Alexis Carrel, Lyon.

Annales D'Endocrinologie
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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Gonadotropic cells in the pituitary secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Gonadotropic adenomas, often secreting these hormones or their subunits, represent a significant portion of pituitary tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gonadotropic cells constitute 10-20% of anterior pituitary cells, secreting FSH and LH.
  • These cells exhibit morphofunctional plasticity, influenced by factors like GnRH.
  • Gonadotropic adenomas are the third most frequent pituitary adenomas, accounting for 12% in surgical series.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize gonadotropic cells and their secretory products.
  • To classify gonadotropic adenomas based on hormone secretion.
  • To understand the differentiation and control mechanisms in tumoral gonadotropic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies to detect gonadotropic hormones.
  • Morphological and functional analysis of pituitary cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of hormone and subunit secretion patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Diagnosis of adenomas requires at least 5% immunoreactive gonadotropic cells.
    • Adenomas are classified into FSH-LH, FSH, and alpha-subunit types; LH and beta-subunit adenomas are rare.
    • Tumoral cells often lose differentiation, control, and full secretory capacity, with alpha-subunit being the most consistently secreted.

    Conclusions:

    • A spectrum exists from functioning gonadotropic adenomas to non-functioning adenomas.
    • Tumoral gonadotropic cells display altered secretory behavior, with alpha-subunit persistence.
    • Understanding these cellular and molecular changes is crucial for diagnosing and managing pituitary adenomas.