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In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Strain analysis of a chiral smectic-A elastomer.

Christopher M Spillmann1, John H Konnert, James M Adams

  • 1Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA. christopher.spillmann@nrl.navy.mil

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|January 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Strained liquid crystal elastomers maintain molecular order. A new model explains how smectic domains rotate under tensile strain, revealing their mechanical response.

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Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites

Published on: February 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) exhibit unique mechanical properties due to their responsive mesophase.
  • Chiral mesogens in LCEs introduce complex molecular arrangements and potential for novel behaviors.
  • Understanding molecular packing under strain is crucial for designing advanced elastomeric materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the molecular packing and structural changes in strained chiral liquid crystal elastomers.
  • To investigate the preservation and reorientation of smectic-A phase order under tensile strain.
  • To develop a nonlinear elastic model describing the mechanical response of these materials.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray diffraction was employed to collect scattering patterns from strained elastomers at various orientations.
  • Three-dimensional scattering intensity was reconstructed as a function of tensile strain.
  • A nonlinear elastic model was formulated using elastomer physical parameters.

Main Results:

  • Smectic domain order is preserved in strained liquid crystal elastomers.
  • Observed intensity changes are attributed to molecular reorientation, not loss of order, orthogonal to strain.
  • The nonlinear elastic model successfully describes the rotation of smectic-layered domains.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral LCEs in the smectic-A phase exhibit robust molecular order under strain.
  • The study provides fundamental insights into the relationship between molecular packing and macroscopic mechanical response.
  • The developed model offers a predictive tool for the behavior of strained LCEs.