Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Membrane-bending

Mechanisms of Membrane-bending

The living membranes are flexible due to their fluid mosaic nature; however, their bending into different shapes is an active process regulated by specific lipids and proteins. The membrane bending can be transient as seen in vesicles or stable for a long time as in microvilli. Cells regulate the size, location, and duration of the membrane curvature.
Membrane bending can happen due to intrinsic changes in lipid composition or extrinsic association with different proteins. The proteins involved...

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Freedericksz transitions in the nematic and smectic Z<sub>A</sub> phases of DIO.

Soft matter·2025

Same author

Low field electrocaloric effect at isotropic-ferroelectric nematic phase transition.

Soft matter·2024

Same author

Dynamics of coreless defects during winding up transitions in confined chiral nematic liquid crystals.

Physical review. E·2023

Same author

The interplay between spatial and heliconical orientational order in twist-bend nematic materials.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2021

Same author

Odd-even effects in bent-core compounds containing terminal n-alkyl carboxylate groups.

Soft matter·2020

Same author

Bistable linear electro-optical switching in the B<sub>7</sub>' phase of novel bent-core molecules.

Soft matter·2020

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

Second-harmonic generation in a bent-core nematic liquid crystal.

S H Hong¹, J C Williams, R J Twieg

¹Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|January 15, 2011

Summary

Bent-core liquid crystals (BCN) show unique second-harmonic generation (SHG) scattering patterns compared to conventional nematics. These differences may stem from molecular clusters present in BCN materials.

More Related Videos

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light

Published on: September 20, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light

Published on: September 20, 2017

Area of Science:

Nonlinear optics
Liquid crystal physics
Materials science

Background:

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process.
Nematic liquid crystals exhibit unique optical properties.
Bent-core liquid crystals (BCNs) possess distinct molecular structures compared to calamitic (rod-like) liquid crystals.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate and compare second-harmonic generation (SHG) in magnetically aligned bent-core liquid crystals (BCNs) and conventional calamitic nematic liquid crystals.
To understand the origin of the observed SHG signals, particularly the role of scattering.
To explore the influence of molecular structure and phase behavior on SHG properties.

Main Methods:

Experimental measurement of second-harmonic (SH) light.
Utilizing magnetically aligned samples of BCN and calamitic nematic liquid crystals.
Analyzing the temperature and angular dependence of the SH scattering signals.

Main Results:

The detected SH light from both BCN and calamitic nematics is predominantly incoherent, arising from scattering.
SH scattering in calamitic nematics aligns with predictions based on director fluctuations.
BCN materials exhibit distinct temperature and angular dependencies in their SH scattering, differing from calamitic compounds.

Conclusions:

The observed differences in SH scattering for BCNs suggest contributions beyond simple director fluctuations.
Short-range correlated, smectic-C-type molecular clusters in BCNs are proposed as a potential source for the unique SHG behavior.
Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the relationship between molecular clustering and nonlinear optical responses in BCNs.