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Numerical simulations reveal that as a disordered system approaches its jamming point, probe particle velocity fluctuations become intermittent. Near jamming, velocity distributions shift from exponential to power-law, indicating critical behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Disordered materials exhibit unique mechanical properties near their jamming transition.
  • Understanding particle dynamics in jammed systems is crucial for predicting material failure and response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the velocity fluctuations and velocity-force characteristics of a probe particle in a 2D disordered assembly of disks near its jamming point.
  • To characterize the transition from fluid-like to solid-like behavior in granular materials.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of a probe particle driven by a constant force through a 2D disordered assembly of disks.
  • Analysis of probe particle velocity, velocity distributions, and velocity power spectra as a function of packing fraction (ϕ).

Main Results:

  • Probe particle velocity decreases and fluctuations become intermittent (avalanche-like) as packing fraction (ϕ) approaches the jamming point (ϕJ).
  • Velocity distributions transition from exponential to power-law near jamming, consistent with critical phenomena and experimental findings.
  • Velocity power spectra show a crossover from Lorentzian to 1/f shape near jamming, indicating characteristic timescales.
  • A critical threshold force is required for probe motion above jamming, with velocity-force curves exhibiting power-law behavior at jamming.

Conclusions:

  • The jamming transition in 2D disordered disk assemblies is characterized by critical dynamics in probe particle motion.
  • The observed power-law behavior and 1/f noise near jamming suggest scale-invariant dynamics.
  • Probe motion above jamming is initiated by local shear banding, a yielding phenomenon.