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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
Published on: December 4, 2017
Nonequilibrium steady states in contact: approximate thermodynamic structure and zeroth law for driven lattice gases
Punyabrata Pradhan1, Christian P Amann, Udo Seifert
1II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70550, Germany.
Abstract:
We explore driven lattice gases for the existence of an intensive thermodynamic variable which could determine "equilibration" between two nonequilibrium steady-state systems kept in weak contact. In simulations, we find that these systems satisfy surprisingly simple thermodynamic laws, such as the zeroth law and the fluctuation-response relation between the particle-number fluctuation and the corresponding susceptibility remarkably well. However, at higher densities, small but observable deviations from these laws occur due to nontrivial contact dynamics and the presence of long-range spatial correlations.
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