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Related Concept Videos

Density00:56

Density

Density is an important characteristic of substances, crucial in determining whether an object sinks or floats in a fluid. Its SI unit is kg/m3, and its cgs unit is g/cm3. The density of an object helps in identifying its composition, and also reveals information about the phase of the matter and its substructure. The densities of liquids and solids are roughly comparable, consistent with the fact that their atoms are in close contact. However, gases have much lower densities than liquids and...
Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity and Compressibility of Fluid01:27

Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity and Compressibility of Fluid

Density, specific weight, specific gravity, and compressibility are fundamental properties of fluids. Density is the mass per unit volume, characterizing the mass of a fluid system. It influences buoyancy, pressure, flow dynamics, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and sound propagation. For instance, in pipeline design, accurate density measurements ensure that the pipeline can handle the fluid's mass.
Specific weight represents the weight per unit volume and is calculated by multiplying density...
Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width

When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width

When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
Density and Archimedes' Principle01:05

Density and Archimedes' Principle

When a lump of clay is dropped into water, it sinks. But if the same lump of clay is molded into the shape of a boat, it starts to float. Because of its shape, the clay boat displaces more water than the lump and experiences a greater buoyant force, even though its mass is the same. The same holds true for steel ships. The average density of an object majorly determines if the object will float. If an object's average density is less than that of the surrounding fluid, it will float. The reason...

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Anisotropic mass density by radially periodic fluid structures.

Daniel Torrent1, José Sánchez-Dehesa

  • 1Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain.

Physical Review Letters
|January 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created acoustic metamaterials with directional mass density. These novel materials, composed of fluidlike layers, enable precise control over sound wave propagation, opening new avenues in acoustic engineering.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Acoustic metamaterials offer unique wave manipulation properties.
  • Anisotropic mass density is crucial for controlling acoustic wave propagation directionally.
  • Realizing such materials with tunable properties remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To physically realize acoustic metamaterials with anisotropic mass density.
  • To characterize their acoustic properties and validate theoretical models.
  • To explore the relationship between material structure and anisotropic behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of metamaterials using a superlattice of radially periodic fluidlike components.
  • Spectroscopic characterization of acoustic resonances in a circular cavity.
  • Analysis of acoustic resonances to extract the sound speed tensor components.

Main Results:

  • Successful physical realization of acoustic metamaterials with anisotropic mass density.
  • Experimental extraction of the diagonal components of the sound speed tensor.
  • Validation of analytical expressions for anisotropic behavior against experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a viable method for creating and characterizing acoustic metamaterials with designed anisotropic mass density.
  • The findings provide a foundation for developing advanced acoustic devices with tailored directional properties.
  • The developed characterization technique offers a powerful tool for probing the effective properties of acoustic metamaterials.