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Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

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Cooperative atom-light interaction in a blockaded Rydberg ensemble.

J D Pritchard¹, D Maxwell, A Gauguet

¹Department of Physics, Durham University, Rochester Building, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom. j.d.pritchard@durham.ac.uk

Physical Review Letters

|January 15, 2011

Summary

Researchers mapped strong dipole-dipole interactions to an optical field using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This study characterized cooperative optical nonlinearity and validated a model with 3 atoms per blockade sphere.

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Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Quantum Optics
Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

Strong interactions between atoms are crucial for quantum technologies.
Rydberg atoms offer tunable, strong interactions.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) provides a sensitive probe for atomic interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To map strong Rydberg atom dipole-dipole interactions onto an optical field.
To characterize the cooperative optical nonlinearity arising from these interactions.
To compare experimental results with a theoretical N-atom model.

Main Methods:

Coupling a probe transition to a Rydberg state using EIT.
Characterizing optical nonlinearity by varying probe strength and atomic density.
Utilizing a blockade sphere model with N=3 atoms and n=60 Rydberg states.

Main Results:

Successfully mapped dipole-dipole interactions onto an optical field.
Observed cooperative optical nonlinearity dependent on probe strength and density.
Demonstrated quantitative agreement between experimental data and the N-atom model.
Established an upper limit on dephasing rate within blockade spheres (<110 kHz).

Conclusions:

EIT is an effective method for probing and mapping Rydberg interactions.
The N-atom cooperative model accurately describes the observed nonlinear optical phenomena.
The study provides insights into dephasing mechanisms in Rydberg ensembles.