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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Elastic heterogeneity in metallic glasses.

W Dmowski¹, T Iwashita, C-P Chuang

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|January 15, 2011

Summary

Metallic glasses exhibit elastic deformation under stress, but new research reveals a significant anelastic portion, suggesting residual liquidity. This finding challenges existing defect density theories in glassy states.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

Metallic glasses are typically assumed to deform elastically under stress, following Hook's law.
Existing theories often estimate defect densities in glassy states to be around 1%.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the deformation behavior of metallic glasses beyond simple elastic response.
To quantify the elastically and anelastically deforming fractions within metallic glasses.

Main Methods:

X-ray diffraction was employed to analyze the structural response of metallic glasses.
Anisotropic pair-density function analysis was utilized to determine volume fractions of different deformation behaviors.

Main Results:

Only approximately three-quarters of the metallic glass volume deforms elastically.
The remaining quarter exhibits anelastic deformation, deforming without resistance on experimental timescales.
This anelastic fraction is proposed to represent residual liquidity in the glassy state.

Conclusions:

The elastic deformation model for metallic glasses is incomplete.
A significant portion of metallic glasses possesses anelastic characteristics, indicating a less rigid glassy state than previously assumed.
The observed anelasticity suggests defect densities as high as 25%, challenging conventional theories like the free-volume theory.