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Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials

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Dynamic Hall effect driven by circularly polarized light in a graphene layer.

J Karch¹, P Olbrich, M Schmalzbauer

¹Terahertz Center, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.

Physical Review Letters

|January 15, 2011

Summary

Researchers observed the circular alternating current (ac) Hall effect in graphene using terahertz radiation. This effect generates an electric current perpendicular to incidence, controllable by light

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Optoelectronics
Materials Science

Background:

The classical direct current (dc) Hall effect involves a voltage perpendicular to both applied electric and magnetic fields.
Graphene's unique electronic properties make it a promising material for exploring novel electromagnetic phenomena.
Circularly polarized radiation offers unique field configurations for driving electronic responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the circular alternating current (ac) Hall effect in an unbiased graphene monolayer.
To demonstrate current generation driven solely by crossed ac electric and magnetic fields from circularly polarized radiation.
To explore the influence of radiation helicity on the generated current direction.

Main Methods:

Illumination of a monolayer graphene sheet with circularly polarized terahertz radiation at room temperature.
Utilizing oblique incidence of the radiation.
Measurement of the generated electric current perpendicular to the plane of incidence.

Main Results:

Observation of a circular ac Hall effect in graphene.
Generation of an electric current perpendicular to the plane of incidence.
Demonstration that the current's sign is reversed by switching the radiation's helicity.

Conclusions:

Circularly polarized radiation can induce a Hall-like effect in graphene without external static fields.
The observed effect is analogous to the classical dc Hall effect, driven by rotating crossed E and B fields.
This finding opens new avenues for terahertz optoelectronic devices and fundamental studies of light-matter interactions in 2D materials.