Rectal cancer surgery. A ten years experience

Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the western world population. The management of rectal cancer has changed thoroughly in recent years owing to the rapid advances in surgical techniques, imaging and adjuvant therapy. The present study analyses extensively 152 patients operated for diagnosis of, rectal cancer in the First Clinic of General Surgery UHC "Mother Theresa" in Tirana, Albania, in a ten years period. In the medical and operative records were analysed demographic, diagnostic, clinic, operative, pathology and postoperative patient's data. M : F ratio was 1,5:1. The average age of all patients was 59,8 ± 12,2 (29 - 79) years. 48% of all patients were of the age group 61 - 70 years. The diagnosis interval was 6 ± 4,6 months. The mean distance of tumor from the anal verge was 8,3 ± 4,2 (3,7 - 16) cm. 30% of all patients resulted stage D, according to the Astler - Coller classification. Overall operability index was 97,5%. 30 % of patients were treated with palliative operative procedures. 67,5% of all patients were treated with curative intent. The most common curative operation was low anterior resection with mesorectal excision in 76 patients (51%). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 12 ± 9,7 (3 - 45) days. Overall postoperative morbidity and mortality were 30% and 2,6% respectively. The surgical treatment of rectal cancer has changed radically in recent years in Albania. Relatively new surgical techniques, like low anterior resection and use of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy have improved the outcome, quality of life and survival of our patients.