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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
Published on: April 4, 2016
SINEs: Short interspersed repeated elements of the eukaryotic genome
1Norihiro Okada is at the Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Abstract:
Much of the eukaryotic genome is composed of a variety of repetitive sequences. Amongst these, there are two kinds of retroposons (sequence elements derived from nonviral cellular RNA): SINEs (short interspersed elements) and LINEs (long interspersed elements). Amplification of SINEs occurs in a single germ cell, and the members of SINEs spread and become fixed in populations through genetic drift. SINEs can be regarded as phylogenetic landmarks: they are specific to one species, a few species, a genus or in some cases a family, indicating a specific time of amplification during evolution. Recent studies concerning the structure and origin of many SINEs revealed that retroposons are more widespread in animal genomes than was previously thought.
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