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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Microorganisms inhabit highly localized spaces known as microenvironments, which are defined by distinct physical and chemical characteristics. These include oxygen concentration, pH, temperature, light availability, and nutrient levels. The conditions within a microenvironment can differ markedly from those in the surrounding area and significantly influence microbial growth, metabolism, and community structure.Microenvironments often display sharp physicochemical gradients over small spatial...

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Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Myelomagenesis: capturing early microenvironment changes.

Neha Korde1, Irina Maric

  • 1National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1508, USA.

Seminars in Hematology
|January 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma cell neoplasms, including multiple myeloma, arise from B cells. Understanding their development is key to early detection and treatment of end-organ damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Plasma cell neoplasms originate from clonal expansion of immunoglobulin-secreting B cells.
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) classification categorizes these disorders from precursor lesions like monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to plasma cell leukemia.
  • Distinguishing between MGUS, smoldering myeloma (SMM), and multiple myeloma (MM) relies on the presence of end-organ damage (CRAB criteria).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathogenetic differences between MGUS and MM for insights into early myelomagenesis.
  • To understand the role of neoplastic cell and microenvironment interactions in disease progression.
  • To identify mechanisms leading to end-organ damage for improved early diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the 2008 WHO classification of plasma cell neoplasms.
  • Analysis of histopathologic criteria and clinical definitions (CRAB criteria) for disease staging.
  • Exploration of pathogenetic mechanisms in myelomagenesis and end-organ damage.

Main Results:

  • Plasma cell neoplasms represent a spectrum of B-cell malignancies.
  • The distinction between precursor and active disease hinges on end-organ damage.
  • Interactions between neoplastic plasma cells and their microenvironment are crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic evaluation of pathogenetic differences is vital for understanding early myelomagenesis.
  • Understanding mechanisms of end-organ damage is critical for early identification and treatment strategies.
  • Further research into neoplastic cell-microenvironment interactions can lead to better therapeutic approaches.