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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis,...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
04:08

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Published on: April 5, 2024

[Carpal instability].

J Redeker1, P M Vogt

  • 1Klinik für Plastische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, St. Barbara Hospital, Katholisches Klinikum Duisburg, Deutschland. J.Redeker@kkd.de

Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift Fur Alle Gebiete Der Operativen Medizen
|January 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Carpal instability, a misalignment of wrist bones, often results from trauma or fractures. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing this condition and preventing further joint damage.

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Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
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Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies

Published on: January 11, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
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Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
06:40

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies

Published on: January 11, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Anatomy
  • Biomechanics

Context:

  • Carpal instability involves disturbed anatomical alignment of carpal bones.
  • This imbalance can be dynamic (during movement) or static (at rest).
  • Common causes include wrist trauma, ligament rupture, and fractures of the radius or carpus.

Purpose:

  • To define carpal instability and its underlying causes.
  • To highlight the role of carpal collapse, particularly from scaphoid fractures.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis for preventing secondary arthritis.

Summary:

  • Carpal instability arises from disrupted carpal bone alignment due to trauma, ligament damage, or fractures.
  • Other causes include degenerative conditions, bone necrosis, and deformities like Madelung deformity.
  • Untreated instability leads to bone erosion and wrist arthritis, necessitating prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Impact:

  • Early diagnosis is critical to arrest or slow the progression of irreversible wrist joint damage.
  • Various surgical techniques exist to restore carpal stability, including ligament reconstruction and fusion.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of carpal instability aids in developing effective treatment strategies.