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Sex allocation in hermaphroditic plants.

¹Johanne Brunet is at the Dept of Botany, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

|January 18, 2011

Summary

Plant reproductive resource allocation in hermaphrodites involves male, female, and pollinator functions. Sex-allocation models, considering factors like pollination and offspring competition, successfully predict population trends despite lagging empirical evidence.

Area of Science:

Plant reproductive biology
Evolutionary ecology
Sex allocation theory

Background:

Hermaphroditic plants partition limited reproductive resources among male, female, and pollinator attraction functions.
Traditional sex-allocation models focused on male (pollen) and female (seed) functions.
Contemporary models incorporate a broader range of reproductive functions and stages (flower vs. fruit).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the theoretical framework of sex allocation in hermaphroditic plants.
To explore factors influencing reproductive resource allocation, including selfing rate, pollination mode, and offspring competition.
To assess the predictive power of sex-allocation theory in understanding population-level trends.

Main Methods:

Theoretical review of existing sex-allocation models.

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Analysis of factors influencing resource partitioning at different reproductive stages (flower and fruit).

Comparison of theoretical predictions with empirical observations.

Main Results:

Modern sex-allocation models can accommodate multiple reproductive functions beyond male and female.
Key factors such as selfing rate, pollination mechanisms, and intraspecific offspring competition significantly impact allocation patterns.
Despite a lag in empirical validation, sex-allocation theory demonstrates considerable success in predicting observed trends across plant populations.

Conclusions:

Sex-allocation theory provides a robust framework for understanding resource distribution in hermaphroditic plants.
The inclusion of diverse functions and ecological factors enhances the explanatory power of these models.
Further empirical research is crucial to fully validate and refine theoretical predictions in plant reproductive strategies.