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Related Concept Videos

Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral chromosome underwent...
What is Evolutionary History?02:35

What is Evolutionary History?

Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.Phylogenetic trees illustrate the evolutionary relationships among these organisms. Scientists infer organisms’ common ancestry by evaluating shared morphological and genetic characteristics. Together, the fossil...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

Eukaryotic Evolution

The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Nuclear Migration in the Drosophila Oocyte
04:17

Nuclear Migration in the Drosophila Oocyte

Published on: May 13, 2021

Intranuclear conflict and its role in evolution.

G D Hurst1, L D Hurst, R A Johnstone

  • 1Greg Hurst is at the Dept of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK CB2 3EH.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|January 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selfish genetic elements, genes prioritizing their own spread, are increasingly recognized as key drivers of genetic system evolution. Intragenomic conflict arising from these elements influences diverse biological phenomena.

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Genomics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Selfish genetic elements (SGEs) are genetic entities that propagate at the expense of the host genome.
  • Research over the past two decades has significantly expanded the understanding of SGEs.
  • Recent perspectives highlight SGEs as major evolutionary forces shaping genetic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of intragenomic conflict driven by selfish genetic elements.
  • To investigate how this conflict influences the evolution of genetic systems.
  • To provide a unified framework for understanding diverse genetic phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on selfish genetic elements.
  • Analysis of theoretical frameworks for intragenomic conflict.
  • Comparative analysis of genetic phenomena potentially explained by SGEs.

Main Results:

  • Intragenomic conflict is proposed as a significant driving force in the evolution of genetic systems.
  • Numerous genetic phenomena, including gene expression, DNA content, and gene duplication, may be outcomes of this conflict.
  • Selfish genetic elements offer a unifying explanation for diverse biological observations.

Conclusions:

  • Intragenomic conflict is a fundamental evolutionary mechanism.
  • Understanding selfish genetic elements is crucial for comprehending genome evolution.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the impact of SGEs on biological systems.