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Related Concept Videos

Microbe-Plant Interactions01:09

Microbe-Plant Interactions

Microbe-plant interactions represent a dynamic spectrum of associations shaped by intricate chemical signaling. These interactions can be neutral, beneficial, or detrimental, and profoundly influence plant physiology, growth, and ecosystem function. The plant microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and viruses, plays a pivotal role in mediating these effects through surface colonization, internal colonization, or systemic symbiosis.Mutualistic associations, particularly with...
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Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the biosynthesis of the...
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

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C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

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Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
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A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
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A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function

Published on: November 21, 2015

Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated CO(2) environments.

D E Lincoln1, E D Fajer, R H Johnson

  • 1David Lincoln is at the Dept of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|January 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) negatively impacts plant quality for insect herbivores. This affects herbivore consumption, growth, and fitness, altering plant-insect interactions in a changing climate.

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A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

Published on: July 22, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecology
  • Plant Biology

Background:

  • Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations are altering terrestrial environments globally.
  • These atmospheric changes significantly impact plant physiology and resource allocation.
  • Understanding these plant responses is crucial for predicting ecosystem dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of elevated CO2 on plant quality for insect herbivores.
  • To determine how altered plant quality influences plant-insect herbivore interactions.
  • To forecast the consequences of future CO2 levels on these ecological relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing existing literature on plant responses to elevated CO2.
  • Analyzing changes in plant nutritional and defensive compounds under elevated CO2.
  • Assessing the impact of these plant changes on herbivore consumption, growth, and fitness.

Main Results:

  • Elevated CO2 often enhances plant carbon assimilation and growth but reduces leaf quality for herbivores.
  • Key nutritional factors like nitrogen and water content decrease, while carbon-based compounds (starch, fiber) increase.
  • These alterations typically lead to reduced herbivore consumption, slower growth, and decreased fitness.

Conclusions:

  • Future elevated CO2 levels will likely reshape plant-insect herbivore interactions due to decreased host plant quality.
  • These changes can have cascading effects on food webs and ecosystem functions.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the long-term ecological implications of these CO2-driven shifts.