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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Plasticity00:58

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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Natural selection, a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology, is the mechanism by which evolution is driven, favoring organisms that are best adapted to their environments. This process enhances their chances of survival and reproduction. Adaptation, a key outcome of this process, involves genetic modifications that optimize an organism's functionality under specific environmental challenges, such as extreme cold or thinner air at high altitudes.
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

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Hebbian LTP
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Long-term Potentiation01:35

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
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Adaptive phenotypic plasticity: consensus and controversy.

S Via1, R Gomulkiewicz, G De Jong

  • 1Richard Gomulkiewicz is at the Dept of Systematics and Ecology, Haworth Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|January 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study clarifies the evolution of phenotypic plasticity, addressing debates on its genetic basis and natural selection. It aims to summarize consensus and controversies regarding plasticity and reaction norms.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Phenotypic plasticity, an environmentally induced phenotype change, is crucial for adaptation.
  • Understanding its evolution faces challenges due to differing views on genetic mechanisms and natural selection in varied environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address current issues and summarize consensus and controversies in the evolution of phenotypic plasticity.
  • To clarify the concept of reaction norms in relation to genotype and environment.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing research and debates on phenotypic plasticity.
  • Comparative analysis of different viewpoints on genetic mechanisms and selective pressures.

Main Results:

  • Identified key areas of consensus and ongoing controversy in the field.
  • Highlighted the importance of reaction norms in understanding adaptive evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to reconcile differing perspectives on plasticity evolution.
  • A unified understanding of plasticity and reaction norms is essential for advancing evolutionary theory.