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A species definition for the modern synthesis
1James Mallet is the Galton Laboratory, Dept of Genetics and Biometry, 4 Stephenson Way, London, UK NW1 2HE.
Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|January 18, 2011
Summary
Biologists lack a consensus on species definition, hindering evolutionary studies. An updated, genetic definition of species, rooted in Darwin's work, offers a unifying solution for taxonomy and biodiversity research.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary Biology
- Genetics
- Taxonomy
Background:
- Despite 136 years since Darwin's "Origin of Species" and 60 years since the biological species concept, a universally accepted definition of species remains elusive.
- Disagreement on the definition of species complicates the study of speciation, distinguishing it from general evolutionary processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address the persistent "species problem" by proposing a clear and unifying definition of a species.
- To highlight an emerging, updated genetic definition of species that resolves long-standing debates.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical and contemporary definitions of species.
- Analysis of the utility of a genetic-based species definition.
Main Results:
- A lack of consensus on species definition persists among biologists.
- An updated, genetic definition of species, inspired by Darwin's original concept, is emerging as a viable solution.
Conclusions:
- A clear definition of species is crucial for understanding speciation as distinct from general evolution.
- The proposed genetic species definition is practical and currently applied in taxonomy, biodiversity studies, and evolutionary research.
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