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Self-assembly of cyclodextrin complexes: aggregation of hydrocortisone/cyclodextrin complexes.

Martin Messner¹, Sergey V Kurkov, Marcus E Brewster

¹Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

|January 18, 2011

Summary

Cyclodextrins (CDs) form aggregates with hydrocortisone, influencing drug solubility and membrane permeability. Different CDs and derivatives exhibit varying aggregation behaviors, impacting drug formulation strategies.

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Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Sciences
Materials Science
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are versatile excipients used to enhance drug solubility, stability, and oral bioavailability.
Recent research highlights the role of nanoparticulate aggregation of CDs in their functional properties, beyond simple inclusion complex formation.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the aggregation of cyclodextrin-hydrocortisone inclusion complexes in saturated solutions, relevant for drug formulation.
To investigate the impact of different cyclodextrins and their derivatives on complex aggregation and membrane permeability.

Main Methods:

Phase solubility studies were conducted using various cyclodextrins (αCD, βCD, γCD) and their derivatives (HPβCD, HPγCD, SBEβCD) with hydrocortisone in saturated solutions.
Membrane penetration studies were performed to evaluate the permeability profiles of the formed complexes.
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to confirm particle sizes of aggregates.

Main Results:

βCD and γCD formed micro-aggregates with hydrocortisone, leading to non-linear phase-solubility relationships.
Other CDs and derivatives formed nanoaggregates, resulting in linear solubilization relationships.
Permeability studies revealed three distinct flux profiles, with diminished flux often linked to nanoaggregate formation. HPγCD showed significant hydrocortisone aggregation (87% at 90 mM).

Conclusions:

The type of cyclodextrin significantly influences the aggregation behavior of hydrocortisone inclusion complexes.
Aggregate formation impacts drug solubility and permeability, offering insights for optimizing drug delivery systems.
αCD and SBEβCD showed the least tendency for aggregation, forming smaller aggregates, while HPβCD and HPγCD formed larger aggregates with a higher fraction of aggregated drug.