Oxygenation with T-piece versus self-inflating bag for ventilation of extremely preterm infants at birth: a...

To investigate whether infants < 29 weeks gestation who receive positive pressure ventilation (PPV) immediately after birth with a T-piece have higher oxygen saturation (SpO₂) measurements at 5 minutes than infants ventilated with a self inflating bag (SIB).

Randomized, controlled trial of T-piece or SIB ventilation in which SpO₂ was recorded immediately after birth from the right hand/wrist with a Masimo Radical pulse oximeter, set at 2-second averaging and maximum sensitivity. All resuscitations started with air.

Forty-one infants received PPV with a T-piece and 39 infants received PPV with a SIB. At 5 minutes after birth, there was no significant difference between the median (interquartile range) SpO₂ in the T-piece and SIB groups (61% [13% to 72%] versus 55% [42% to 67%]; P = .27). More infants in the T-piece group received oxygen during delivery room resuscitation (41 [100%] versus 35 [90%], P = .04). There was no difference in the groups in the use of continuous positive airway pressure, endotracheal intubation, or administration of surfactant in the delivery room.

There was no significant difference in SpO₂ at 5 minutes after birth in infants < 29 weeks gestation given PPV with a T-piece or a SIB as used in this study.