Attitudes to sexuality of patients with learning disabilities: a review

A critical review of the literature to determine the attitudes of staff and families towards the sexuality of adults who have learning disabilities.

An evidence-based practice literature search of all published studies conducted since 2000. This included a comprehensive review of books, electronic databases, grey literature and hand-searching. Four key studies were identified and subjected to critical analysis. METHOD OF CRITIQUE: The four key studies yielded were critically analysed using a framework developed by Parahoo (2006). This critiquing tool identifies seven key areas: title, abstract, literature review, methodology, data analysis and results, discussion and interpretation, and conclusions and recommendations.

All four studies uniquely addressed similar issues in practice; there are areas of bias and concerns about the reliability of some of the studies critiqued. Similar themes were identified, suggesting that the results could be replicated in further studies. Education for staff was a key theme throughout the studies.

Education for staff is vital to ensure that a consistent approach is taken to support adults who have learning disabilities to express their sexuality. In order to facilitate the changes required in practice, leadership, education and a support network are required. Recommendations from this review include training on leadership and on the sexuality of adults with learning disabilities for all staff.