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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
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A Versatile Pipeline for Analyzing Dynamic Changes in Nuclear Bodies in a Variety of Cell Types
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Published on: June 28, 2024

Multiple facets of nuclear periphery in gene expression control.

Ghislaine Arib1, Asifa Akhtar

  • 1Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology und Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51,79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|January 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear pore proteins (Nucleoporins or Nups) regulate gene expression and genome stability by associating with active chromatin and influencing transcriptional memory and mRNA export.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) control nucleocytoplasmic transport.
  • Nuclear periphery components, including NPCs, are increasingly recognized for roles in chromatin organization, gene regulation, and genome stability.
  • Nucleoporins (Nups) are found at the nuclear periphery and within the nucleoplasm, suggesting diverse functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of recent findings on nucleoporin functions beyond the nuclear periphery.
  • To discuss the functional importance of Nup association with specific genes.
  • To explore the role of Nups in transcriptional memory, transcription-mRNA export coupling, and genome integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of recent research findings.
  • Analysis of studies investigating Nup localization and function in the nucleoplasm.
  • Discussion of experimental evidence linking Nups to gene regulation and genome stability.

Main Results:

  • Nucleoporins associate with active chromatin, contrasting with lamins' association with repressive chromatin.
  • Nups play roles in transcriptional memory, ensuring rapid gene reactivation.
  • Nups are involved in coupling transcription with mRNA export and maintaining genome integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleoporins are multifunctional proteins involved in gene regulation, transcriptional memory, and genome stability.
  • Nup localization within the nucleoplasm highlights their expanded roles in nuclear processes.
  • Further research into Nup functions is crucial for understanding nuclear organization and function.