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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
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Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

Published on: August 16, 2020

Progressive supranuclear palsy: new concepts.

Orlando Graziani Povoas Barsottini1, André Carvalho Felício, Camila Catherine Henriques de Aquino

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. orlandobarsottini@gmail.com

Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria
|January 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting the brainstem and basal ganglia. This review aids neurologists in identifying PSP, understanding its pathology, and managing symptoms.

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ALS - Motor Neuron Disease: Mechanism and Development of New Therapies
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ALS - Motor Neuron Disease: Mechanism and Development of New Therapies

Published on: July 29, 2007

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
10:03

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

Published on: August 16, 2020

ALS - Motor Neuron Disease: Mechanism and Development of New Therapies
15:48

ALS - Motor Neuron Disease: Mechanism and Development of New Therapies

Published on: July 29, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease impacting the brainstem and basal ganglia.
  • Clinical presentation includes supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, postural instability, and mild dementia.
  • Neuropathological hallmarks involve neurofibrillary tangle accumulation in specific brain regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To refine the identification of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP).
  • To enhance understanding of PSP pathophysiology.
  • To guide neurologists toward a focused, symptom-based treatment approach for PSP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent investigations into Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP).
  • Analysis of neuropathological findings defining PSP.
  • Synthesis of clinical presentations and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Recent research has improved the understanding and identification of PSP.
  • Key neuropathological markers are established.
  • A symptom-based approach to treatment is recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate identification of PSP is crucial for effective management.
  • Understanding the underlying pathophysiology informs treatment strategies.
  • A focused, symptom-based approach can improve patient outcomes in PSP.