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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
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Binge Eating Disorders

Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Simultaneous Detection of c-Fos Activation from Mesolimbic and Mesocortical Dopamine Reward Sites Following Naive Sugar and Fat Ingestion in Rats
08:07

Simultaneous Detection of c-Fos Activation from Mesolimbic and Mesocortical Dopamine Reward Sites Following Naive Sugar and Fat Ingestion in Rats

Published on: August 24, 2016

Dopamine-based reward circuitry responsivity, genetics, and overeating.

Eric Stice1, Sonja Yokum, David Zald

  • 1Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA. estice@ori.org

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
|January 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Low dopamine D2 receptor levels link to increased eating and weight gain. Genetic factors and appetite hormones may influence this dopamine-obesity connection.

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Simultaneous Detection of c-Fos Activation from Mesolimbic and Mesocortical Dopamine Reward Sites Following Naive Sugar and Fat Ingestion in Rats
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Published on: March 19, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Low dopamine D2 receptor availability and reduced brain responses to food are linked to increased eating and obesity.
  • Growing evidence suggests genetic variations (DRD2, DRD4, DAT) and appetite hormones (ghrelin, orexin A, leptin) may modulate these relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on the relationship between dopamine functioning and food intake.
  • To examine how genetic factors and appetite-related hormones influence the dopamine-obesity link.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating dopamine, food intake, genetics, and hormones.
  • Synthesis of findings on the moderating roles of genotypes and peptides.

Main Results:

  • Consistent association found between reduced dopamine signaling and increased eating behaviors.
  • Evidence indicates that specific genotypes and appetite hormones can modify the impact of dopamine on overeating and weight.

Conclusions:

  • Dopamine system dysfunction is implicated in obesity.
  • Genetic predispositions and hormonal factors play a significant role in the interplay between dopamine, appetite, and body weight.