Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

16.6K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.6K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

4.7K
No description available
4.7K
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

2.5K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
2.5K
The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

14.9K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
14.9K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

9.8K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
9.8K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

7.8K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

DOT1L Shapes ncPRC1-Target Gene Repression to Maintain Germinal Center B Cell Identity of Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma.

Blood·2026
Same author

Histone methyltransferase DOT1L differentially affects the development of dendritic cell subsets.

Life science alliance·2026
Same author

Histone methyltransferase DOT1L maintains cell state and restricts cytotoxic potential of CD8 T cells.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Leveraging Targeted Protein Degradation for G Protein-Coupled Receptors: The Development of CCR2 Molecular Degraders.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2025
Same author

Cholesterol biosynthesis as a drug-induced vulnerability in diffuse large B cell lymphoma insensitive to EZH2 inhibition.

Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Should I stay or should I go: TFIIIC as assembly factor and barrier in RNA polymerase III transcription.

Biochemical Society transactions·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue
09:43

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue

Published on: November 30, 2018

22.2K

A modified epigenetics toolbox to study histone modifications on the nucleosome core.

Floor Frederiks1, Iris J E Stulemeijer, Huib Ovaa

  • 1Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology
|January 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Histone modifications on the nucleosome core, like H3K79 methylation, are challenging to study but crucial for gene regulation and linked to leukemia. New methods are emerging to understand their function and regulation.

More Related Videos

Reconstitution of Nucleosomes with Differentially Isotope-labeled Sister Histones
09:26

Reconstitution of Nucleosomes with Differentially Isotope-labeled Sister Histones

Published on: March 26, 2017

11.6K
Complete Workflow for Analysis of Histone Post-translational Modifications Using Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry: From Histone Extraction to Data Analysis
11:02

Complete Workflow for Analysis of Histone Post-translational Modifications Using Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry: From Histone Extraction to Data Analysis

Published on: May 17, 2016

30.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue
09:43

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue

Published on: November 30, 2018

22.2K
Reconstitution of Nucleosomes with Differentially Isotope-labeled Sister Histones
09:26

Reconstitution of Nucleosomes with Differentially Isotope-labeled Sister Histones

Published on: March 26, 2017

11.6K
Complete Workflow for Analysis of Histone Post-translational Modifications Using Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry: From Histone Extraction to Data Analysis
11:02

Complete Workflow for Analysis of Histone Post-translational Modifications Using Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry: From Histone Extraction to Data Analysis

Published on: May 17, 2016

30.6K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chromatin, the DNA packaging structure in eukaryotic nuclei, is built from nucleosomes.
  • Nucleosomes consist of DNA wrapped around histone proteins; post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones regulate gene expression.
  • Core PTMs, such as histone H3 lysine 79 (H3K79) methylation, are difficult to study using traditional peptide methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for studying histone modifications on the nucleosome core.
  • To highlight the importance of H3K79 methylation in gene regulation and its link to human leukemia.
  • To discuss emerging strategies for understanding the function and regulation of core histone PTMs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic, biochemical, and chemical methodologies.
  • Analysis of techniques applicable to studying modifications on the structured nucleosome core.
  • Focus on methods addressing challenges posed by core histone PTMs.

Main Results:

  • H3K79 methylation by Dot1 enzyme is a conserved core PTM linked to leukemia.
  • Pharmacological targeting of Dot1 activity presents a potential therapeutic strategy for leukemia.
  • Emerging methods are beginning to elucidate the function and regulation of core PTMs.

Conclusions:

  • Studying core histone PTMs requires specialized approaches beyond simple peptide analysis.
  • H3K79 methylation is a critical epigenetic mark with implications for cancer therapy.
  • Advancements in genetic, biochemical, and chemical tools are crucial for understanding core nucleosome function.