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Related Concept Videos

Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:

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The Left Pneumonectomy Combined with Monocrotaline or Sugen as a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
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[Hepato-pulmonary syndrome].

Laura Bozomitu1, Evelina Moraru, B Stana

  • 1Clinica a V(-a) Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Gr.T. Popa Iaşi Facultatea de Medicină.

Revista Medico-Chirurgicala a Societatii De Medici Si Naturalisti Din Iasi
|January 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Hepato-pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe liver cirrhosis complication. A simple pulse oximeter test can identify HPS in liver disease patients, aiding prognosis.

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Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Hepato-pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a rare but serious complication of liver cirrhosis.
  • HPS is characterized by liver disease, an increased alveolo-arterial gradient, and intrapulmonary vascular dilations.
  • The condition significantly impairs survival in cirrhotic patients and affects post-transplant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the hepato-pulmonary syndrome (HPS).
  • To highlight the impact of HPS on patient survival and post-transplant outcomes.
  • To present a simple diagnostic method for HPS in patients with chronic liver disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hepato-pulmonary syndrome.
  • Correlation analysis of HPS severity with patient survival and post-transplant outcomes.
  • Description of a diagnostic approach using pulse oximetry.

Main Results:

  • Hepato-pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is linked to poor outcomes in liver cirrhosis patients.
  • The severity of HPS correlates with reduced survival and altered post-transplant results.
  • Combined SaO2 determination in both supine and upright positions using a pulse oximeter is an effective identification method.

Conclusions:

  • Hepato-pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a critical factor influencing survival in liver disease.
  • Early identification of HPS is crucial for managing cirrhotic patients.
  • Pulse oximetry offers a simple, accessible tool for HPS detection in clinical practice.