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Road dust emissions from paved roads measured using different mobile systems.

Liisa Pirjola¹, Christer Johansson, Kaarle Kupiainen

¹Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Department of Technology, Helsinki, Finland. liisa.pirjola@metropolia.fi

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)

|January 20, 2011

Summary

This study compared two road dust emission measurement techniques, Sniffer and Emma. Both methods revealed significant variations in particulate matter (PM) suspension based on road conditions, tire type, and vehicle speed, offering insights for air quality management.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Atmospheric Science
Transportation Engineering

Background:

Real-world measurements of road dust suspension are scarce.
Understanding road dust emissions is crucial for air quality management and public health.
Existing measurement techniques may have limitations in accuracy and comparability.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the performance of two distinct road dust emission measurement techniques: Sniffer and Emma.
To evaluate the influence of road surface conditions, tire type, and vehicle speed on particulate matter (PM) suspension.
To assess the reliability and discrepancies between the two measurement systems.

Main Methods:

Comparison of two road dust emission measurement systems (Sniffer and Emma) with differing inlet designs, PM instruments, and wheel loads.
Field measurements conducted under various road surface conditions, tire types (summer, nonstudded winter, studded winter), and vehicle speeds (50-80 km/hr).
Analysis of small-scale variations in emission levels and correlation between the two systems' measurements.

Main Results:

Both Sniffer and Emma demonstrated substantial small-scale variations in road dust emissions, correlating well despite discrepancies attributed to path differences.
Tire type significantly influenced PM suspension, with summer tires yielding lower emissions than winter tires (nonstudded and studded).
Increased vehicle speed led to higher emission levels, with relative concentrations rising by 30-170% depending on tire type and dust load.

Conclusions:

Both Sniffer and Emma are viable tools for studying relative road dust emissions.
Measurement discrepancies are likely due to variations in road dust distribution perpendicular to the driving path.
Findings provide valuable data for developing effective air quality management strategies related to road dust.