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Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
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Exercise-induced rhinitis in competitive swimmers.

Ana Alves1, Carla Martins, Luís Delgado

  • 1Department of Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal.

American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy
|January 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Competitive swimmers experience worsened nasal function, including postnasal drip, after training compared to runners, suggesting a "swimming-induced rhinitis" unrelated to allergies. This impacts athletes

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Environmental Health
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Elite swimmers face increased asthma risk linked to pool chlorine.
  • Acute effects of swimming on rhinitis symptoms remain understudied.
  • Understanding exercise-induced nasal responses in athletes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the nasal response to exercise in competitive swimmers versus runners.
  • To investigate exercise-induced rhinitis in elite athletes.
  • To determine if swimming-induced nasal changes differ from other sports.

Main Methods:

  • Measured nasal symptoms, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), lung function, and airway inflammation before and after training.
  • Included 19 international swimmers and 13 professional runners.
  • Defined exercise-induced rhinitis as a >20% fall in PNIF; atopy assessed via skin-prick testing.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of exercise-induced rhinitis was similar in swimmers (21%) and runners (23%).
  • Swimmers showed decreased PNIF and increased sneezing, congestion, itching, and postnasal drip post-exercise.
  • Only postnasal drip changes were significantly different between groups (p=0.050); atopic athletes showed mixed nasal responses.

Conclusions:

  • Swimmers, unlike runners, exhibit nasal function deterioration after training.
  • Results support the existence of 'swimming-induced rhinitis'.
  • This condition appears independent of an athlete's atopic status.