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Related Concept Videos

Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Ion Channels01:19

Ion Channels

The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow specific...
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Isolation of Microvascular Endothelial Tubes from Mouse Resistance Arteries
09:23

Isolation of Microvascular Endothelial Tubes from Mouse Resistance Arteries

Published on: November 25, 2013

Ionic channels in vascular endothelial cells.

D J Adams1

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|January 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular endothelial cells control blood pressure via calcium signaling. This review explores how ion channels regulate calcium influx and membrane potential, crucial for cell communication.

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Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium
09:45

Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium

Published on: January 20, 2019

Determination of the Relative Cell Surface and Total Expression of Recombinant Ion Channels Using Flow Cytometry
11:32

Determination of the Relative Cell Surface and Total Expression of Recombinant Ion Channels Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 28, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Isolation of Microvascular Endothelial Tubes from Mouse Resistance Arteries
09:23

Isolation of Microvascular Endothelial Tubes from Mouse Resistance Arteries

Published on: November 25, 2013

Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium
09:45

Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium

Published on: January 20, 2019

Determination of the Relative Cell Surface and Total Expression of Recombinant Ion Channels Using Flow Cytometry
11:32

Determination of the Relative Cell Surface and Total Expression of Recombinant Ion Channels Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 28, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cell Physiology
  • Endothelial Function

Background:

  • Vascular endothelial cells regulate blood pressure and tissue perfusion through mediator secretion.
  • Cellular response involves cytoplasmic calcium elevation via intracellular release and extracellular influx.
  • Calcium influx is modulated by membrane potential, regulated by potassium channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of ionic channels in receptor-mediated calcium entry.
  • To examine the control of membrane potential in vascular endothelium.
  • To understand stimulus-secretion coupling in endothelial cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on endothelial cell ion channels.
  • Analysis of mechanisms controlling calcium influx and membrane potential.
  • Focus on potassium channels and their role in repolarization.

Main Results:

  • Receptor activation by vasoactive substances triggers calcium entry through plasmalemmal ion channels.
  • The rate of calcium influx is dependent on the electrochemical gradient and resting membrane potential.
  • Potassium channels are key in repolarizing stimulated endothelial cells.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic channels are critical for regulating calcium entry in response to stimuli.
  • Control of membrane potential by potassium channels is essential for endothelial cell function.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for comprehending stimulus-secretion coupling in vascular endothelium.