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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Real-time Monitoring of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Ablation of In Vitro Canine Livers Using Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound (HMIFU)

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High-resolution ultrasound displacement measurement using coded excitations.

Qiyu Peng¹, Li-Qun Zhang

¹Department of Radiotracer Development & Imaging Technology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control

|January 20, 2011

Summary

A novel ultrasound method uses coded excitations and clutter signals to achieve significantly higher resolution displacement measurements. This technique overcomes limitations of traditional pulse-echo methods, offering improved precision for various applications.

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Real-time Monitoring of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Ablation of In Vitro Canine Livers Using Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound (HMIFU)

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Area of Science:

Ultrasound physics
Signal processing
Metrology

Background:

Traditional ultrasound pulse-echo displacement measurements are limited by factors like center frequency, sampling rate, quantization errors, and electronic noise.
Existing methods struggle to achieve high-resolution displacement detection, impacting precision in critical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a new ultrasound-based method for high-resolution displacement measurement.
To improve upon the resolution and robustness of traditional pulse-echo techniques.

Main Methods:

Utilized coded excitations, specifically Golay complementary sequences, to transmit and receive ultrasound echoes.
Employed pulse compression and main lobe elimination techniques.
Analyzed residual clutter signals around the main lobe to determine object displacement.

Main Results:

Computer simulations demonstrated a resolution improvement of several orders of magnitude compared to traditional methods.
The new method exhibited greater robustness to noise.
Experimental evaluation with a 10 MHz ultrasound system achieved a displacement measurement error of ±5.76 nm ±36.27 nm.

Conclusions:

The developed method significantly enhances displacement measurement resolution and precision.
This technique offers a robust alternative to conventional pulse-echo methods, particularly in noisy environments.
Potential applications include high-precision biomedical and industrial measurements of distance, displacement, and thickness.