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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
Published on: September 26, 2013
Staphylococcal alpha-toxin is a strong inducer of interleukin-17 in humans
Margarete Niebuhr1, Merle Gathmann, Helena Scharonow
1Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. niebuhr.margarete@mh-hannover.de
Abstract:
Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are frequently colonized with Staphylococcus aureus, with one-third of isolates producing alpha-toxin. Moreover, S. aureus colonization is positively correlated with the severity of eczema. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) has gained attention in diseases associated with chronic skin infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sublytic alpha-toxin concentrations on IL-17A production. Sublytic alpha-toxin concentrations strongly induced IL-17A in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), isolated CD4(+) T cells, polarized Th17 cells, and Th17 clones from reactive atopy patch test lesions and blood from AD patients. Alpha-toxin induced IL-17A directly in T cells. The effect of alpha-toxin was further amplified by upregulation of IL-1 in monocytes. In conclusion, higher levels of IL-17A secretion induced by alpha-toxin in the skin partially explain how colonization with S. aureus can contribute to chronic skin inflammation.
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