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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models
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Human saliva exposure modulates bone cell performance in vitro.

Susanne Proksch1, Thorsten Steinberg, Constantin Keller

  • 1Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental School and Hospital, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. susanne.proksch@uniklinik-freiburg.de

Clinical Oral Investigations
|January 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Saliva negatively impacts bone cells, hindering their growth and differentiation, primarily through enzymatic activity rather than inflammation. Limiting saliva exposure to bone is recommended for better clinical outcomes in oral surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Clinical procedures like dental implant insertion and tooth extraction involve saliva contact with jaw bone.
  • Limited data exists on saliva's effects on bone cells, despite its oral tissue vitalizing reputation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of saliva on osteoblast-like cells (murine MC3T3).
  • To assess saliva's impact on cell morphology, proliferation, and differentiation.
  • To analyze saliva composition and its role in inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Murine MC3T3 osteoblasts were cultured with saliva-supplemented medium.
  • Assessed cell morphology (REM), proliferation (EZ4U), and differentiation markers (gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization).
  • Analyzed saliva composition (lactoferrin, enzyme activities) and inflammatory cytokine release (ELISA).

Main Results:

  • Saliva significantly impaired osteoblast morphology, proliferation, and differentiation gene expression.
  • Reduced alkaline phosphatase activity was observed, but extracellular matrix mineralization remained normal.
  • Saliva contained active enzymes and lactoferrin but lacked key enzymes like salivary alkaline phosphatase and proteases; no significant inflammatory cytokine release occurred.

Conclusions:

  • Saliva adversely affects osteoblast-like cells, primarily via salivary enzymes, not inflammation.
  • Findings are clinically relevant for understanding bone cell behavior in the oral cavity.
  • Restricting saliva contact with bone during dental procedures may be beneficial.