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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...
Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers, unexplained...
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Clinical Application of Single-Surgeon, Three-Port, Laparoscopic Resection for Colorectal Cancer with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction
08:26

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Published on: March 24, 2023

Sigmoidoscopy in general practice.

S R Glaser

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |January 21, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    A general practitioner conducted 961 rigid sigmoidoscopic exams from 1977 to 1986. The study compared routine and diagnostic exams for lesion detection. Routine exams found 89 polypoid lesions, half of which were neoplastic. Two carcinomas in situ were identified in routine exams. Diagnostic exams revealed 35 neoplastic polyps, including two invasive cancers. The method also diagnosed other colorectal disorders like ulcerative proctitis. The author suggests rigid sigmoidoscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool in primary care settings.

    Keywords:
    colorectal cancer detectionprimary care diagnosticssigmoidoscopic examsneoplastic polyp identification

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    Published on: July 11, 2025

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology diagnostic procedures
    • Colorectal cancer screening
    • Primary care clinical methods

    Background:

    Prior research has shown that colorectal cancer screening can detect early-stage lesions. No prior work had resolved the effectiveness of rigid sigmoidoscopy in general practice settings. Established knowledge includes the use of colonoscopy and barium enema for polyp detection. This gap motivated an analysis of rigid sigmoidoscopy in a primary care context. The author aimed to assess diagnostic yield in routine and diagnostic settings. No prior work had resolved the comparative value of this method in private practice. The study's contribution lies in its real-world application data. This paper provides insights into lesion detection rates and diagnostic accuracy.

    Purpose Of The Study:

    The author aimed to evaluate diagnostic outcomes of rigid sigmoidoscopy in general practice. The specific problem addressed was the yield of this method in both routine and diagnostic settings. The motivation was to assess its role in colorectal cancer screening. The study focused on lesion detection rates and cancer identification. The author sought to compare routine and diagnostic procedures. The study aimed to identify neoplastic and non-neoplastic findings. The motivation was to inform primary care diagnostic strategies. The study's purpose was to provide empirical data on this technique's utility.

    Main Methods:

    The author conducted 961 rigid sigmoidoscopic exams in private practice from 1977 to 1986. Each procedure was categorized as routine or diagnostic in nature. Examinations were evaluated for risk status and occult blood presence. The author compared findings with barium enema and colonoscopy results. Lesions were classified as neoplastic or hyperplastic in nature. The study tracked lesion detection rates across procedure types. The author recorded diagnostic outcomes for each patient. The methods included systematic pathology review and diagnostic categorization.

    Main Results:

    Routine exams revealed 89 polypoid lesions in 70 procedures (12.9% yield). About half of these lesions were neoplastic in nature. Two carcinomas in situ were found during routine screening. Diagnostic exams identified 35 neoplastic polyps in total. Two invasive carcinomas were discovered during these exams. One carcinoma in situ was also found in diagnostic procedures. Other colorectal disorders were readily diagnosed via this method. The study showed diagnostic value in both routine and diagnostic contexts.

    Conclusions:

    The author found that rigid sigmoidoscopy detected significant lesions in routine exams. The method revealed neoplastic and hyperplastic lesions in diagnostic settings. The study showed diagnostic utility for colorectal disorders like ulcerative proctitis. The findings suggest this method can identify early-stage cancers. The author notes the method's value in general practice settings. The study supports its role in colorectal cancer screening programs. The results suggest it complements other diagnostic techniques. The authors propose it as a viable diagnostic option in primary care.

    The author found 89 polypoid lesions in 70 routine exams (12.9% yield). About half were neoplastic, and the rest were hyperplastic.

    Diagnostic exams revealed 35 neoplastic polyps, including two invasive carcinomas and one carcinoma in situ.

    The author evaluated occult blood status to assess colorectal cancer risk in patients undergoing sigmoidoscopy.

    The author compared findings with barium enema and colonoscopy to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of rigid sigmoidoscopy.

    Two carcinomas in situ were discovered during routine sigmoidoscopic examinations.

    The authors propose rigid sigmoidoscopy as a viable diagnostic option in primary care settings for colorectal screening.