Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 18, 2026

An Alternative to the Traditional Cold Pressor Test: The Cold Pressor Arm Wrap
Published on: January 16, 2014
[Effects of shift work of air traffic controllers on several parameters of the activity of the sympathetic-adrenal
Abstract:
Using a Start air traffic control system, sympathetic-adrenal parameters were measured in air controllers who worked in the morning, afternoon or night shifts. The highest catecholamine excretion was detected in air traffic controllers, who worked at night-time with a low workload Night-time work led to a stress reaction in a larger number of air controllers. In every shift a certain number of air controllers showed a decrease of catecholamine excretion, which can be viewed as a manifestation of sympathetic-adrenal inadequacy and a failure of adaptation mechanisms. The paper gives a detailed description of correlations between epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and DOPA excretion.
Related Concept Videos
The Sympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Signaling
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) onto the ganglionic neurons in the...
Sympathetic Activation
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Regulation of Heart Rates
The SNS increases heart rate through the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which act on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. This action increases the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's...
Physiological Foundation of Stress
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...

