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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
Published on: May 28, 2014
Drug transporters of platinum-based anticancer agents and their clinical significance
Herman Burger1, Walter J Loos, Karel Eechoute
1Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam-Josephine Nefkens Institute and Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. h.burger@erasmusmc.nl
Abstract:
Platinum-based drugs are among the most active anticancer agents and are successfully used in a wide variety of human malignancies. However, acquired and/or intrinsic resistance still represent a major limitation. Lately, in particular mechanisms leading to impaired uptake and/or decreased cellular accumulation of platinum compounds have attracted attention. In this review, we focus on the role of active platinum uptake and efflux systems as determinants of platinum sensitivity and -resistance and their contribution to platinum pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD). First, the three mostly used platinum-based anticancer agents as well as the most promising novel platinum compounds in development are put into clinical perspective. Next, we describe the presently known potential platinum transporters--with special emphasis on organic cation transporters (OCTs)--and discuss their role on clinical outcome (i.e. efficacy and adverse events) of platinum-based chemotherapy. In addition, transporter-mediated tumour resistance, the impact of potential platinum transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions, and the role of drug transporters in the renal elimination of platinum compounds are discussed.
Insights
Platinum-based chemotherapy efficacy is influenced by drug transporters that affect platinum compound uptake and efflux. Understanding these transporters is key to overcoming resistance and improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Platinum-based drugs are vital anticancer agents but face resistance, limiting their effectiveness.
- Mechanisms of impaired platinum drug accumulation, including reduced cellular uptake and increased efflux, are critical challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of platinum transporters in drug sensitivity and resistance.
- To discuss the impact of transporters on platinum pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of platinum-based anticancer agents and novel compounds.
- Analysis of known platinum transporters, focusing on organic cation transporters (OCTs).
- Discussion of transporter influence on clinical outcomes, resistance, drug interactions, and renal elimination.
Main Results:
- Active platinum uptake and efflux systems significantly determine sensitivity and resistance to platinum chemotherapy.
- Organic cation transporters (OCTs) play a crucial role in platinum drug disposition and clinical outcomes.
- Transporter activity impacts tumor resistance, drug-drug interactions, and renal clearance of platinum compounds.
Conclusions:
- Targeting platinum transporters presents a strategy to enhance chemotherapy efficacy and overcome resistance.
- Understanding transporter roles is essential for optimizing platinum-based cancer treatment and managing adverse events.
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