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The stepping test: a step back in history.

Christian Grommes1, Devon Conway

  • 1Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. grommesc@mskcc.org

Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
|January 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The stepping test, used to detect labyrinthine pathology, is known as the Fukuda Test in the US and Asia, and the Unterberger Test in Europe. It should be named the Unterberger Test, unless Fukuda's quantification methods are employed.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • The stepping test is crucial for localizing labyrinthine pathology during neurological examinations.
  • The test is recognized by two names: the Fukuda Test (US/Asia) and the Unterberger Test (Europe).

Discussion:

  • Controversy exists regarding the correct nomenclature for the stepping test.
  • Siegfried Unterberger first described the test in 1939.
  • Tadashi Fukuda modified the test in 1959, introducing quantitative measurement methods.

Key Insights:

  • The test's original description by Unterberger supports its eponym.
  • Fukuda's modifications enhanced the test's diagnostic utility through quantification.
  • The naming convention should reflect the specific methodology used.

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

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Outlook:

  • Clarifying the nomenclature can improve global consistency in neurological assessments.
  • Further research may explore the comparative efficacy of original versus modified test protocols.
  • Standardizing the test's name based on its application will enhance clinical communication.