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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

Published on: October 15, 2019

Interactions between various microbes and ginseng botanicals.

V H Tournas¹, J S Kohn, E J Katsoudas

¹Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA. valerie.tournas@fda.hhs.gov

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

|January 25, 2011

Summary

Ginseng interacts with microbes through spoilage, beneficial transformation of compounds, and antimicrobial activity. These interactions highlight ginseng

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Pharmacognosy
Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

Ginseng botanicals are utilized in traditional medicine and health supplements.
Microbial interactions can affect the quality and efficacy of botanical products.
Understanding these interactions is crucial for optimizing ginseng utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the multifaceted interactions between ginseng botanicals and microorganisms.
To identify specific microbial species involved in ginseng degradation and transformation.
To assess the antimicrobial properties of ginseng constituents against various pathogens.

Main Methods:

Microbiological culture techniques to identify spoilage organisms.
Biochemical assays to detect ginsenoside transformation.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against selected bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Main Results:

Identified fungal and bacterial species responsible for ginseng spoilage.
Demonstrated microbial transformation of ginsenosides into potentially more bioactive compounds by specific bacterial and fungal strains.
Confirmed inhibitory effects of ginseng constituents against pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus), fungi (e.g., Candida albicans), and viruses.

Conclusions:

Ginseng-microbe interactions are complex, involving degradation, biotransformation, and antimicrobial activities.
Specific microorganisms can enhance the bioactivity of ginseng compounds.
Ginseng exhibits potential as a natural antimicrobial agent.