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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
¹H NMR Signal Integration: Overview00:58

¹H NMR Signal Integration: Overview

The intensity of a signal, which can be represented by the area under the peak, depends on the number of protons contributing to that signal. The area under each peak is shown as a vertical line called an integral, with the integral value listed under it, as seen in the proton NMR spectrum of benzyl acetate. Each integral value is divided by the smallest integral value to obtain the ratio of the number of protons producing each signal. The ratio reveals the relative number of protons and not...
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
The...
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...

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Related Experiment Video

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15N CPMG Relaxation Dispersion for the Investigation of Protein Conformational Dynamics on the µs-ms Timescale
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A fully integrated IQ-receiver for NMR microscopy.

Jens Anders1, Paul SanGiorgio, Giovanni Boero

  • 1Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. jens.anders@epfl.ch

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|January 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

We developed a compact CMOS receiver for micro-magnetic resonance imaging, achieving 8 μm resolution. This integrated system enhances micro-MRI capabilities for detailed imaging applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Physics

Background:

  • Micro-magnetic resonance imaging (micro-MRI) requires highly sensitive and integrated receiver systems.
  • Existing systems often face limitations in resolution and component integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a fully integrated CMOS receiver for micro-MRI.
  • To develop a custom micro-gradient system for enhanced imaging.
  • To demonstrate high-resolution imaging capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and fabricated a CMOS receiver chip (0.13 μm technology) with an on-chip detection coil, low-noise amplifier, and mixer.
  • Integrated the receiver with a custom-made micro-gradient system.
  • Achieved a time-domain spin sensitivity of 5×10^14 spins/Hz.

Main Results:

  • The integrated CMOS receiver operates at 300 MHz and occupies a small chip area (950 × 800 μm²).
  • The system achieved an 8 μm isotropic resolution in phantom imaging.
  • Demonstrated high spin sensitivity crucial for micro-MRI.

Conclusions:

  • The presented integrated CMOS receiver and micro-gradient system enable high-resolution micro-MRI.
  • This technology advances the development of compact and sensitive micro-MRI devices.
  • The achieved resolution opens possibilities for detailed biological and material science imaging.