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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Structure01:33

Atomic Structure

All matter is composed of atoms, the smallest individual units of elements. Each atom is made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Together, these three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom.The History of Atomic TheoryThe first person to propose that everything on Earth is made up of tiny particles was the Greek philosopher Democritus, around 450 B.C. He used the term atomos, Greek for “indivisible,” from which the modern term “atom” is derived.
Atomic Structure01:17

Atomic Structure

The Greek philosopher Democritus proposed that everything on Earth is made up of tiny particles called atomos, Greek for "indivisible," from which the modern term "atom" is derived. In the 19th century, John Dalton proposed the atomic theory that is still largely correct today. He put forth five postulates to explain how atoms made up the world around us. (1) All matter is composed of infinitely small particles or atoms. (2) All atoms of a given element are identical to one another and (3) are...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
Nuclear Fission02:50

Nuclear Fission

Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large number of different...
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...

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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures
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Meet the neighbours: tools to dissect nuclear structure and function.

Cameron S Osborne1, Philip A Ewels, Alice N C Young

  • 1Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK. cameron.osborne@bbsrc.ac.uk

Briefings in Functional Genomics
|January 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The cell nucleus is highly organized, with genome structure impacting function. New methods reveal how genome organization and nuclear subcompartments interact, advancing our understanding of cell biology.

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The eukaryotic cell nucleus exhibits significant spatial organization, featuring distinct functional subcompartments that create specialized microenvironments for cellular processes.
  • The genome also adopts specific conformations, facilitating interactions between genomic regions and these functional nuclear centers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review principal techniques for analyzing genomic interactions and their spatial organization within the nucleus.
  • To explore the functional insights gained from these methods regarding genome structure and nuclear subcompartments.
  • To discuss future advancements in understanding nuclear structure and function dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and emerging techniques for assessing genome spatial organization.
  • Analysis of methods for detecting genomic interactions.
  • Integration of functional data with structural genomic information.

Main Results:

  • Recent technological advancements enable detailed analysis of genome organization and its relationship with nuclear architecture.
  • These methods provide insights into how specific genomic regions interface with functional nuclear subcompartments.
  • The interplay between genome organization and nuclear function is increasingly being elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding genome organization is crucial for deciphering nuclear function and assigning roles to nuclear subcompartments.
  • New genomic interaction analysis techniques are pivotal for advancing the study of nuclear structure-function dynamics.
  • Future research will likely focus on the dynamic interplay between genome conformation and nuclear processes.