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Apparent Weight01:09

Apparent Weight

True weight is the measure of the gravitational force acting on an object. However, if the object accelerates, its measured weight is different from its true weight. Similar observations can be made when the object is submerged in water. An object's weight in water is its apparent weight, which is equal to the difference between its true weight and the buoyant forces.
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Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
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The material-weight illusion induced by expectations alone.

Gavin Buckingham1, Nathalie S Ranger, Melvyn A Goodale

  • 1Centre for Brain and Mind, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. gbucking@uwo.ca

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|January 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Priming expectations of heaviness, not continuous visual experience, is enough to cause the material-weight illusion (MWI). These expectations also influenced lifting force, highlighting vision's role in skillful object manipulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Perception Science
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • The material-weight illusion (MWI) demonstrates how perceived material influences weight perception.
  • Previous understanding suggested continuous visual feedback during lifting is necessary for MWI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if visual experience during lifting is essential for the material-weight illusion.
  • To determine if pre-lift expectations alone can induce MWI.
  • To examine the influence of these expectations on motor control during lifting.

Main Methods:

  • Participants' expectations of object heaviness were primed before lifting.
  • The material-weight illusion was assessed under conditions with and without continuous visual lift experience.
  • Load force during lifting was measured to quantify motor adjustments.

Main Results:

  • Priming expectations of heaviness was sufficient to elicit a robust material-weight illusion.
  • Continuous visual experience of the lift was not required for the illusion to occur.
  • Primed expectations significantly influenced the load force applied during successive lifts.

Conclusions:

  • The material-weight illusion can be triggered by pre-existing expectations, independent of continuous visual feedback.
  • Vision plays a crucial role in the adaptive, skillful lifting of objects, as expectations modulate motor output.
  • This suggests a significant top-down influence of visual expectation on sensory-motor processes.