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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

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Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

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Published on: October 14, 2014

Anisakis simplex-induced anaphylaxis.

Chisho Hoshino1, Masashi Narita

  • 1Ohta-Nishinouchi Hospital General Internal Medicine, 1-5-20 Nishinouchi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8025, Japan. gim-hoshino@ohta-hp.or.jp

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy
|January 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anisakis simplex, a parasitic worm, can cause severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis after eating raw fish. Diagnosis involves identifying specific IgE antibodies to the parasite, not just the fish, prompting broader allergy testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical immunology and infectious diseases.
  • Foodborne parasitic infections.
  • Allergy and hypersensitivity research.

Background:

  • Anisakis simplex is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of food allergy and gastrointestinal anisakiasis.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for managing patients with suspected fish-related allergies.
  • Distinguishing parasite-specific allergies from fish protein allergies is clinically important.

Observation:

  • A 61-year-old woman experienced generalized urticaria and anaphylaxis after consuming raw mackerel.
  • The patient recovered promptly following epinephrine administration and endoscopic removal of an Anisakis simplex larva.
  • Diagnostic workup revealed positive specific IgE antibodies to Anisakis simplex, but not to mackerel.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity specifically to Anisakis simplex.
  • Serological testing confirmed a specific allergic response to the parasite, independent of mackerel allergy.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering Anisakis simplex as the primary allergen.

Implications:

  • Patients with diagnosed fish-related or unexplained allergies should be evaluated for Anisakis-induced allergy.
  • This underscores the need for targeted diagnostic approaches in food allergy cases.
  • Early identification and management of Anisakis simplex allergy can prevent severe reactions.