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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
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Postsynaptic potential (PSP) refers to a change in the electrical potential of a neuron when neurotransmitters released by presynaptic neurons bind to postsynaptic receptors. This potential can either be excitatory, leading to depolarization and ultimately action potential generation, or inhibitory, leading to hyperpolarization and suppression of the postsynaptic neuron.
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When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of specific...
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Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
Long-term Potentiation01:25

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
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Long-term Potentiation01:35

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Related Experiment Video

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Investigation of Synaptic Tagging/Capture and Cross-capture using Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rodents
11:29

Investigation of Synaptic Tagging/Capture and Cross-capture using Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rodents

Published on: September 4, 2015

Postsynaptic TrkC and presynaptic PTPσ function as a bidirectional excitatory synaptic organizing complex.

Hideto Takahashi1, Pamela Arstikaitis, Tuhina Prasad

  • 1Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T2B5, Canada.

Neuron
|January 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noncatalytic TrkC receptors mediate excitatory synapse formation by binding to PTPσ. This interaction is crucial for synaptic adhesion and development in the nervous system.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Investigation of Synaptic Tagging/Capture and Cross-capture using Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rodents
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Published on: January 28, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Neurotrophin receptor tyrosine kinases (Trks) are known for their trophic roles in nervous system development via kinase activation.
  • Trks possess cell-adhesion domains and express noncatalytic isoforms, suggesting functions beyond kinase activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel functions of TrkC receptors beyond their canonical roles.
  • To investigate the role of noncatalytic TrkC in synaptic development and function.

Main Methods:

  • Hippocampal neuron-fibroblast co-culture screen to identify proteins involved in neurotransmitter release site differentiation.
  • Biochemical assays to study TrkC interaction with PTPσ.
  • In vitro and in vivo experiments using TrkC-neutralizing antibodies and TrkC knockdown models.

Main Results:

  • Noncatalytic TrkC isoforms were identified as key mediators of excitatory glutamatergic synaptic adhesion.
  • TrkC functions through neurotrophin-independent, high-affinity trans binding to axonal PTPσ.
  • TrkC-PTPσ interaction promotes clustering of postsynaptic molecules and is essential for synapse formation.

Conclusions:

  • Postsynaptic TrkC trans interaction with presynaptic PTPσ establishes bidirectional adhesion and recruitment critical for excitatory synapse development.
  • TrkC plays a pivotal role in organizing synaptic pathways, independent of its kinase activity.