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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response

A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response

Published on: January 7, 2019

High-performance 90° hybrid based on a silicon-on-insulator multimode interference coupler.

R Halir¹, G Roelkens, A Ortega-Moñux

¹Departamento Ingeniería de Comunicaciones, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain. robert.halir@ic.uma.es

|January 26, 2011

Summary

We developed a novel multimode interference coupler (MMI) for high-index-contrast photonics. This compact design minimizes phase errors, achieving excellent performance for optical hybrid applications.

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Area of Science:

Photonics
Integrated Optics
Waveguide Technology

Background:

High-index-contrast integrated photonic technologies offer miniaturization potential.
Phase errors in multimode interference couplers (MMIs) limit performance in these platforms.
Existing MMI designs struggle to balance compactness and phase accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and validate a novel MMI design for high-index-contrast photonics.
To reduce phase errors inherent in high-index-contrast waveguides.
To achieve a compact and efficient 2x4 MMI operating as a 90° hybrid.

Main Methods:

A new MMI design featuring a shallowly etched multimode region directly coupled to deeply etched waveguides.
Fabrication of a 2x4 MMI device on a high-index-contrast platform.
Experimental characterization of the MMI's performance, including common mode rejection ratio and phase errors.

Main Results:

Demonstration of a compact 2x4 MMI with a footprint of 0.65 mm x 0.53 mm.
Achieved common mode rejection ratio better than -20 dBe.
Measured phase errors within ±5° over a ~50 nm bandwidth.

Conclusions:

The proposed MMI design effectively mitigates phase errors in high-index-contrast technologies.
This approach enables highly compact and efficient photonic devices.
The demonstrated 90° hybrid performance opens avenues for advanced optical signal processing.