Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
Published on: July 22, 2021
Patellofemoral joint disorders
Abstract:
Knee pain is a common presenting complaint by athletes and the general population. Disorders of the patellofemoral joint are responsible for most of these disorders. Abnormal patellar tracking is thought to be the principal cause. Patellar tracking is influenced by a number of dynamic and static factors. These can be assessed with a careful history and physical examination. A treatment program can be designed to alter the precipitating factors. Lower-extremity malalignment, principally hyperpronation of the foot, is believed to be a major cause of abnormal patellar tracking. Conservative treatment programs have had successful results, and less emphasis is now being placed on surgical procedures.
Related Concept Videos
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella
Knee Joint
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Ankle Joint
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Muscles that Move the Leg
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...
