Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Malaria01:29

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Assessment of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net (LLIN) ownership, utilization, and associated barriers in malaria-endemic communities of Ethiopia.

BMC public health·2026
Same author

The origin, history, and resistance architecture of an invasive urban malaria mosquito in Africa.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

PvGAP: Development of a globally-applicable, highly-multiplexed microhaplotype amplicon panel for Plasmodium vivax.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same author

The hidden malaria: Misidentification of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale in low-transmission setting targeted for elimination in Ethiopia.

Research square·2026
Same author

High genetic diversity, clonal activation of hypnozoites and relapse of Plasmodium vivax isolates in low-transmission setting of Ethiopia.

Research square·2026
Same author

Diagnostic challenges in malaria detection: A comparative diagnostic performance of HRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests, microscopy, and PCR at Bichena primary hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Parasite epidemiology and control·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes
09:32

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes

Published on: February 13, 2019

Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program.

Delenasaw Yewhalaw1, Fantahun Wassie, Walter Steurbaut

  • 1Department of Biology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. delenasaw.yewhalaw@ju.edu.et

Plos One
|January 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in Ethiopia show resistance to common insecticides like DDT and pyrethroids, driven by high knockdown resistance (kdr) gene frequency. This resistance threatens malaria vector control efforts, necessitating urgent management strategies.

More Related Videos

Topical Application Bioassay to Quantify Insecticide Toxicity for Mosquitoes and Fruit Flies
09:37

Topical Application Bioassay to Quantify Insecticide Toxicity for Mosquitoes and Fruit Flies

Published on: January 19, 2022

Building a Better Mosquito: Identifying the Genes Enabling Malaria and Dengue Fever Resistance in A. gambiae and A. aegypti Mosquitoes
15:03

Building a Better Mosquito: Identifying the Genes Enabling Malaria and Dengue Fever Resistance in A. gambiae and A. aegypti Mosquitoes

Published on: July 4, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes
09:32

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes

Published on: February 13, 2019

Topical Application Bioassay to Quantify Insecticide Toxicity for Mosquitoes and Fruit Flies
09:37

Topical Application Bioassay to Quantify Insecticide Toxicity for Mosquitoes and Fruit Flies

Published on: January 19, 2022

Building a Better Mosquito: Identifying the Genes Enabling Malaria and Dengue Fever Resistance in A. gambiae and A. aegypti Mosquitoes
15:03

Building a Better Mosquito: Identifying the Genes Enabling Malaria and Dengue Fever Resistance in A. gambiae and A. aegypti Mosquitoes

Published on: July 4, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Molecular Entomology
  • Public Health Entomology

Background:

  • Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are crucial for malaria prevention.
  • Mosquito resistance to insecticides jeopardizes the efficacy of these vital vector control tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess Anopheles arabiensis susceptibility to insecticides used in malaria control in Ethiopia.
  • To identify the genetic mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance.
  • To evaluate the impact of public health insecticide use on resistance selection.

Main Methods:

  • WHO bioassay tests were used to determine mosquito susceptibility to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin, malathion, and propoxur.
  • AS-PCR and PCR-RFLP were employed to screen for knockdown resistance (kdr) and insensitive acetylcholinesterase (ace-1(R)) mutations.
  • Gas Chromatography was used to quantify DDT residues in soil samples.

Main Results:

  • Anopheles arabiensis exhibited resistance to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin, and malathion, but remained susceptible to propoxur.
  • A high frequency (95-100%) of the West African kdr allele was detected in An. arabiensis populations.
  • DDT residues were found in soil within human dwellings, suggesting localized environmental contamination.

Conclusions:

  • The widespread multiple-insecticide resistance and high kdr allele frequency in An. arabiensis pose a significant threat to malaria vector control programs in Ethiopia.
  • Urgent implementation of rational resistance management strategies and integrated vector control interventions is required to mitigate this challenge.