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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

Hyponatremia associated with Ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis.

Zachary R Barnard¹, Brian P Walcott, Kristopher T Kahle

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, White Building Room 502, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England)

|January 26, 2011

Summary

Ipilimumab, an immunotherapy for melanoma, can cause syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). This condition, leading to hyponatremia, requires prompt treatment with fluid restriction, hyperosmolar therapy, and steroids.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunotherapy
Endocrinology

Background:

Metastatic melanoma treatment often involves immunotherapy.
CTLA-4 blocking agents like Ipilimumab activate the immune system to fight cancer.
Immune-related adverse events can affect various organs, including the pituitary gland.

Observation:

A 75-year-old woman with stage IV metastatic melanoma developed severe headache 2 months after starting Ipilimumab.
Clinical presentation included severe hyponatremia (low sodium levels).
Brain MRI revealed pituitary gland enlargement and infundibular enhancement.

Findings:

Radiographic findings included an enhancing, centrally necrotic focus in the anterior pituitary.
Diagnosis was treatment-related syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
SIADH is a potential neuroendocrine adverse effect of CTLA-4 blockade.

Implications:

This case highlights a rare but serious side effect of Ipilimumab.
Early recognition and management of SIADH are crucial for patient outcomes.
Understanding neuroendocrine toxicities is vital for safe immunotherapy use in cancer patients.